Right now, there is no prevention or cure for MS. However, this is a promising time for people with the disorder. Several new drugs have been approved or are awaiting approval by the US Food and Drug Administration. Current treatments are divided into three categories:

Treatments for the symptoms of MS

These include drugs to decrease muscle stiffness, reduce tiredness, control bladder symptoms, ease pain, and address sexual problems.

Treatments that change attacks when they occur

These treatments are primarily ACTH (an adrenal hormone) and corticosteroids (a synthesized adrenal hormone) which can shorten an MS attack. Doctors most often recommend large doses of steroids injected into a vein for several days. Longer-term steroid use, however, does not do a good job of slowing progress of the disorder.

New drugs that change disorder activity

Three drugs are now on the market to affect development of the disorder. They are interferon beta 1b, interferon beta 1a, and glatiramer acetate. These drugs can reduce the number of attacks and long-term damage to the brain caused by MS.

Progress through research

Neurologists and neuroscientists are doing laboratory research to create better treatments. Most possible treatments are discovered and tested in an animal model of MS called “experimental allergic encephalomyelitis” before being tried in human studies.

A number of important clinical trials are in progress. These trials test promising therapies on people with the disorder. Many people find it helpful to participate in such studies. Being part of research trials can be rewarding for people with MS and their families. Trials allow them to work closely with health care providers and increase their knowledge of the condition’s process. People can learn about these trials by contacting the National Multiple Sclerosis Society.